Maritime Law and Practice in China
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ANNEX I
中华人民共和国海商法: Maritime Code of the People’s Republic of China
中华人民共和国海商法: Maritime Code of the People’s Republic of China
| 颁布时间: | 7 November199 |
| Promulgating Date: | 27 November 1992 |
| 实施时间: | 1 July 1993 |
| Effective Date: | 1 July 1993 |
| 效力状态: | 有效 |
| Validity Status: | Valid |
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第一章 总则: Chapter I: General Provisions
第一条 为了调整海上运输关系、船舶关系, 维护当事人各方的合法权益, 促进 海上运输和经济贸易的发展, 制定本法。 Article 1 This Code is enacted with a view to regulating the relations arising from maritime transport and ships, to securing and protecting the legitimate rights and interests of the parties concerned, and to promoting the development of maritime transport, economy and trade. 第二条 本法所称海上运输, 是指海上货物运输和海上旅客运输, 包括海江之 间、江海之间的直达运输。 本法第四章海上货物运输合同的规定, 不适用于中华人民共和国港口之间的海上 货物运输。 Article 2 “Maritime transport” as referred to in this Code means the carriage of goods and passengers by sea, including the sea-river and river-sea direct transport. The provisions concerning contracts of carriage of goods by sea as contained in Chapter IV of this Code shall not be applicable to the maritime transport of goods between the ports of the People’s Republic of China. 第三条 本法所称船舶, 是指海船和其他海上移动式装置,但是用于军事的、政 府公务的船舶和20总吨以下的小型船艇除外。 前款所称船舶, 包括船舶属具。 Article 3 “Ship” as referred to in this Code means sea-going ships and other mobile units, but does not include ships or craft to be used for military or public service purposes, or small ships of less than 20 tons gross tonnage. The term “ship” as referred to in the preceding paragraph shall also include ship’s apparel. 第四条 中华人民共和国港口之间的海上运输和拖航, 由悬挂中华人民共和国国 旗的船舶经营。但是, 法律、行政法规另有规定的除外。 非经国务院交通主管部门批准, 外国籍船舶不得经营中华人民共和国港口之间的 海上运输和拖航。 Article 4 Maritime transport and towage services between the ports of the People’s Republic of China shall be undertaken by ships flying the national flag of the People’s Republic of China, except as otherwise provided for by laws or administrative rules and regulations. No foreign ships may engage in the maritime transport or towage services between the ports of the People’s Republic of China unless permitted by the competent authorities of transport and communications under the State Council.Page 358
第二章 船舶: Chapter II: Ships
第一节 船舶所有权: Section 1: Ownership of Ships
第七条 船舶所有权, 是指船舶所有人依法对其船舶享有占有、使用、收益和处 分的权利。 Article 7 The ownership of a ship means the shipowner’s rights to lawfully possess, utilise, profit from and dispose of the ship in his ownership. 第八条 国家所有的船舶由国家授予具有法人资格的全民所有制企业经营管理 的, 本法有关船舶所有人的规定适用于该法人。 Article 8 With respect to a State-owned ship operated by an enterprise owned by the whole people having a legal person status granted by the State, the provisions of this Code regarding the shipowner shall apply to that legal person. 第九条 船舶所有权的取得、转让和消灭, 应当向船舶登记机关登记;未经登记 的, 不得对抗第三人。 船舶所有权的转让, 应当签订书面合同。 Article 9 The acquisition, transference or extinction of the ownership of a ship shall be registered at the ship registration authorities; no acquisition, transference or extinction of the ship’s ownership shall act against a third party unless registered. The transference of the ownership of a ship shall be made by a contract in writing. 第十条 船舶由两个以上的法人或者个人共有的, 应当向船舶登记机关登记;未 经登记的, 不得对抗第三人。 Article 10 Where a ship is jointly owned by two or more legal persons or individuals, the joint ownership thereof shall be registered at the ship registration authorities. The joint ownership of the ship shall not have legal effect against a third party unless registered.Page 359
第二节 船舶抵押权: Section 2: Mortgage of Ships
第十一条 船舶抵押权, 是指抵押权人对于抵押人提供的作为债务担保的船舶, 在抵押人不履行债务时, 可以依法拍卖, 从卖得的价款中优先受偿的权利。 Article 11 The right of mortgage with respect to a ship is the right of priority in compensation of the mortgagee of that ship from the proceeds of the auction sale made in accordance with law where and when the mortgagor fails to pay his debt to the mortgagee secured by the mortgage of that ship. 第十二条 船舶所有人或者船舶所有人授权的人可以设定船舶抵押权。 船舶抵押权的设定, 应当签订书面合同。 Article 12 The owner of a ship or those authorised thereby may establish the mortgage of the ship. The mortgage of a ship shall be established by a contract in writing. 第十三条 设定船舶抵押权,由抵押权人和抵押人共同向船舶登记机关办理抵押 权登记;未经登记的,不得对抗第三人。 船舶抵押权登记, 包括下列主要项目:- (一) 船舶抵押权人和抵押人的姓名或者名称、地址;
- (二) 被抵押船舶的名称、国籍、船舶所有权证书的颁发机关和证书号码;
- (三) 所担保的债权数额、利息率、受偿期限。
船舶抵押权的登记状况, 允许公众查询。